其对材料领域的意义
Construction is the tonnage baseline everything else is measured against. It is also where alloying elements do their quietest work: a few hundred grams of niobium per tonne of steel lets a bridge be built with less of it.
其组成成分
所有材料 →| 材料 | 其在此处的用途 | 重要性 |
|---|---|---|
| Cement | Concrete | 定义 |
| Construction Sand & Gravel | Aggregate in concrete and asphalt | 定义 |
| Copper 关键 | Wiring and plumbing | 定义 |
| Iron & Steel | Structure, rebar and rail | 定义 |
| Iron Ore | Steel | 定义 |
| Manganese 关键 | In every tonne of steel | 定义 |
| Metallurgical Coal | Blast-furnace reduction | 定义 |
| Zinc 关键 | Galvanising | 定义 |
| Aluminium 关键 | Facades, windows and structure | 重要 |
| Crude Oil | Asphalt and plastics | 重要 |
| Gypsum | Plasterboard | 重要 |
| Lime | Steel refining and soil stabilisation | 重要 |
| Niobium 关键 | High-strength low-alloy steel | 重要 |
| Vanadium 关键 | Rebar strengthening | 重要 |
Cement
Powdered limestone and clay cooked at 1,450 C, which sets hard when mixed with water — the glue that holds concrete…
Construction Sand & Gravel
The most-mined material on Earth by weight, and the one nobody thinks of as mining.
Copper
The reddish metal that carries electricity better than anything except silver, and which humans have been smelting…
Iron & Steel
Iron with a little carbon in it, and the most-produced manufactured material on the planet.
Iron Ore
Rust-coloured rock that is roughly one-third to two-thirds iron, and the single largest tonnage the mining industry…
Manganese
A brittle grey metal that steel cannot be made without, and that is now being used to stretch scarce nickel and…
