All · 146
Rare Earth Elements · 18Aerospace & Defence Materials · 10Agricultural Minerals · 3Battery Materials · 5Copper & Electrical Materials · 4Energy Raw Materials · 7Industrial Minerals · 35Nuclear Materials · 5Precious Metals · 10Semiconductor Materials · 11Steel & Alloy Metals · 13Wood & Forest Products · 25
Critical Mineral · 63Strategic · 36Construction · 35Byproduct Only · 27Energy Transition · 26Defence · 24Chip Chain · 17Forest Product · 12Recyclable at Scale · 9Magnet Chain · 8Hardwood · 8Softwood · 7Renewable · 6Food Chain · 6Engineered Wood · 4Grid Chain · 2
7 materials shown. Figures are from USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 · as each source defines it for each commodity · source ↗
Scroll the table sideways for the remaining columns.
| Material | World production 2025 | World reserves | Leading producer | U.S. imported |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Crude OilAncient marine plankton, cooked underground for millions of years into a liquid that carries…
|
not published | — | — | — |
|
Oil Sands & BitumenSand soaked in oil so thick it will not flow — it has to be mined like ore or heated…
|
not published | — | — | — |
|
Natural GasMostly methane, the lightest hydrocarbon, and the source of nearly all the hydrogen used by…
|
not published | — | — | — |
|
Metallurgical CoalCoal of the specific quality that, when baked without air, turns into coke — the hard carbon…
|
not published | — | — | — |
|
Thermal CoalCoal burned to make steam and therefore electricity — still, despite everything, one of the…
|
not published | — | — | — |
|
Petroleum CokeThe solid carbon left at the bottom of an oil refinery, and the raw material for both aluminium…
|
not published | — | — | — |
|
PeatHalf-rotted plant matter from waterlogged bogs — the first stage on the road from a swamp to a…
|
17,000thousand metric tons · Mine production | 13,000,000 | Finland15% of world production† | 80% |
† Worked out from the USGS production table: the leading country’s output divided by the world total. Where the USGS publishes the share itself, that figure is shown instead.
Photographs on this page · 8
- TurowCoalMine.jpg · Petr Vodička · CC BY-SA 4.0
- Pumpjacks.JPG · Arne Hückelheim · CC BY-SA 3.0
- Syncrude oil sands mine works, Mildred Lake, Alberta.jpg · Dicklyon · CC BY-SA 4.0
- 2023-05-20 02 LNG tanker, GULF ENERGY - IMO 7390143.jpg · Gordon Leggett · CC BY-SA 4.0
- Coke ovens and coal tipple, Fayette County, Penn (68762).jpg · Pub. by Uniontown News Agency & Co., Uniontown,… · Public domain
- DRAGLINE (USED IN STRIP MINING) AT THE NAVAJO COAL MINE IN NORTHERN ARI… · Lyntha Scott Eiler · Public domain
- Petrolkoks IMG 6166.jpg · romanm ( talk ) · CC BY-SA 2.5 si
- Industrial peat harvesting in a section of the Bog of Allen in County O… · Sarah777 · Public domain
Every photograph is from Wikimedia Commons and is used under the licence shown.