鉱石から製品まで、経路を追跡
The Materials Atlas
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processing section

岩石から製品へ

処理・精製

採掘は最初の工程に過ぎず、通常は最も困難な工程でもない。ほぼすべての重要素材サプライチェーンにおけるボトルネックは、鉱石を掘り出す者ではなく、それを使用可能な形態に転換できる者にある。

Great Cobar Copper mine. Interior power house engine room, … · A. Kimbel Photo Studio · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

テーブルを横にスクロールすると残りの列が表示されます。

プラント種別 ステージ オペレーター素材
Atlantic Copper Smelter, Huelva Huelva 製錬所処理 Spain Atlantic Copper (Freeport-McMoRan)Copper, Gold, Selenium, Silver, Sulfur
Bayer-Process Alumina Refineries, Western Australia Kwinana, Pinjarra, Wagerup 精製所処理 Australia Alcoa of AustraliaAlumina, Bauxite, Gallium
Guixi Smelter Guixi, Jiangxi 製錬所処理 China Jiangxi CopperCopper, Gold, Silver, Tellurium
Indonesia Morowali Industrial Park Morowali, Central Sulawesi 製錬所処理 Indonesia Tsingshan and partnersCobalt, Nickel
Nadezhda Metallurgical Plant Norilsk 製錬所処理 Russia NornickelCopper, Nickel, Palladium, Platinum
Port Hedland Pilbara, Western Australia 港湾処理 Australia Pilbara Ports with BHP, FMG and Roy HillIron Ore
Port of Rotterdam Bulk Terminals Rotterdam 港湾処理 Netherlands Multiple terminal operatorsBauxite, Copper, Iron Ore, Metallurgical Coal
Ganzhou Rare Earth Cluster Ganzhou, Jiangxi 分離プラント精製 China China Rare Earth Group and affiliatesDysprosium, Rare Earths (all), Terbium, Yttrium
Georges Besse II Enrichment Plant Tricastin, Drôme 濃縮プラント精製 France OranoUranium
Hemlock Semiconductor Polysilicon Plant Hemlock, Michigan 化学プラント精製 United States Hemlock SemiconductorHigh-Purity Quartz, Silicon
Huayou Cobalt Refineries Tongxiang, Zhejiang 化学プラント精製 China Zhejiang Huayou CobaltCobalt, Nickel
Jinchuan Group Smelter-Refinery Jinchang, Gansu 精製所精製 China Jinchuan GroupCobalt, Copper, Nickel, Platinum
Kwinana Lithium Hydroxide Plant Kwinana, Western Australia 化学プラント精製 Australia Tianqi Lithium Energy Australia / IGOLithium
Lynas Advanced Materials Plant, Kuantan Gebeng, Pahang 分離プラント精製 Malaysia Lynas Rare EarthsCerium, Lanthanum, Neodymium, Praseodymium…
Mountain Pass Separation & Metal Plant California 分離プラント精製 United States MP MaterialsNeodymium, Praseodymium, Rare Earths (all)
Neo Performance Materials, Sillamäe Sillamäe 分離プラント精製 Estonia Neo Performance MaterialsLanthanum, Neodymium, Rare Earths (all)
Port Hope Conversion Facility Port Hope, Ontario 化学プラント精製 Canada CamecoFluorspar, Uranium
Qinghai & Sichuan Lithium Chemical Cluster Qinghai and Sichuan 化学プラント精製 China Ganfeng, Tianqi and othersLithium
Rustenburg Base & Precious Metals Refineries Rustenburg, North West 精製所精製 South Africa Anglo American Platinum / Sibanye-StillwaterIridium, Nickel, Palladium, Platinum, Rhodium…
Xinjiang & Inner Mongolia Polysilicon Cluster Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia 化学プラント精製 China Multiple producersSilicon
CATL Ningde Plants Ningde, Fujian ギガファクトリーコンポーネント China Contemporary Amperex Technology (CATL)Copper, Graphite, Lithium, Phosphate Rock
Chinese NdFeB Magnet Cluster Ningbo, Baotou, Ganzhou 磁石プラントコンポーネント China JL MAG, Zhongke Sanhuan and othersBoron, Dysprosium, Iron Ore, Neodymium…
Gigafactory Nevada Storey County, Nevada ギガファクトリーコンポーネント United States Tesla with Panasonic EnergyAluminium, Cobalt, Copper, Graphite, Lithium…
Samsung Pyeongtaek Campus Pyeongtaek, Gyeonggi 半導体製造工場コンポーネント South Korea Samsung ElectronicsCopper, Helium, Silicon, Tungsten
TSMC Fab 18, Tainan Southern Taiwan Science Park, Tainan 半導体製造工場コンポーネント Taiwan TSMCCobalt, Copper, Hafnium, Helium, High-Purity…
Aero-Engine Turbine Plant, Derby Derby, England 製造プラント製品 United Kingdom Rolls-RoyceCobalt, Hafnium, Nickel, Rhenium, Tantalum…
Wind Turbine Nacelle & Blade Plants, Jutland Ringkøbing and Lem, Jutland 製造プラント製品 Denmark Vestas Wind SystemsBoron, Copper, Dysprosium, Iron & Steel…

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Atlantic Copper Smelter, Huelva

Atlantic Copper Smelter, Huelva

A smelter's real product list is longer than copper: sulfuric acid, gold, silver, selenium and platinum-group metals…

SpainProcessing
Bayer-Process Alumina Refineries, Western Australia

Bayer-Process Alumina Refineries, Western Australia

Bauxite goes in, alumina powder and red mud come out. The residue is the largest single waste stream in the metals…

AustraliaProcessing
Guixi Smelter

Guixi Smelter

More than half of world copper smelting capacity is in China, which means concentrate from Chile and Peru is mostly…

ChinaProcessing

Indonesia Morowali Industrial Park

Indonesia banned raw nickel ore exports and this park is the result: a self-contained city of smelters, power plants…

IndonesiaProcessing

Nadezhda Metallurgical Plant

Ore mined above the Arctic Circle is smelted on site because shipping raw ore out of Norilsk is impossible for most…

RussiaProcessing
Port Hedland

Port Hedland

Almost everything that leaves here is iron ore, loaded from trains up to 2.5 km long onto ships bound for Asian steel…

AustraliaProcessing
Port of Rotterdam Bulk Terminals

Port of Rotterdam Bulk Terminals

Ports are where a supply chain becomes visible: iron ore, bauxite, coal and concentrate all arrive as bulk cargo and…

NetherlandsProcessing
Ganzhou Rare Earth Cluster

Ganzhou Rare Earth Cluster

Separating dysprosium and terbium from the other rare earths is chemically the hardest step in the magnet chain, and…

ChinaRefining
Georges Besse II Enrichment Plant

Georges Besse II Enrichment Plant

Centrifuge enrichment raises uranium-235 from 0.7% to 3-5% for power reactors. The technology is dual-use and…

FranceRefining
Hemlock Semiconductor Polysilicon Plant

Hemlock Semiconductor Polysilicon Plant

Semiconductor-grade polysilicon is purified to eleven nines — one impurity atom in a hundred billion. Solar-grade…

United StatesRefining
Huayou Cobalt Refineries

Huayou Cobalt Refineries

Roughly three-quarters of world cobalt refining is in China, regardless of where the ore was mined. Refining, not…

ChinaRefining
Jinchuan Group Smelter-Refinery

Jinchuan Group Smelter-Refinery

Jinchuan grew around a single nickel sulfide orebody and became one of the world's largest refiners of cobalt it does…

ChinaRefining
Kwinana Lithium Hydroxide Plant

Kwinana Lithium Hydroxide Plant

Building conversion capacity next to the mine was meant to be the obvious move. Kwinana showed how hard it is…

AustraliaRefining
Lynas Advanced Materials Plant, Kuantan

Lynas Advanced Materials Plant, Kuantan

Ore from Mount Weld in Australia is cracked with sulfuric acid and separated here through hundreds of…

MalaysiaRefining
Mountain Pass Separation & Metal Plant

Mountain Pass Separation & Metal Plant

Rebuilding separation at the mine site closed the gap that had made the only US rare-earth mine dependent on Chinese…

United StatesRefining
Neo Performance Materials, Sillamäe

Neo Performance Materials, Sillamäe

A Soviet-era uranium and rare-earth plant on the Baltic coast, now the main European separator of rare-earth oxides.

EstoniaRefining
Port Hope Conversion Facility

Port Hope Conversion Facility

Between the mine and the reactor, uranium has to become uranium hexafluoride so it can be enriched. Only a handful of…

CanadaRefining
Qinghai & Sichuan Lithium Chemical Cluster

Qinghai & Sichuan Lithium Chemical Cluster

Australia mines the most lithium; China converts the most. Spodumene concentrate is shipped thousands of kilometres…

ChinaRefining
Rustenburg Base & Precious Metals Refineries

Rustenburg Base & Precious Metals Refineries

Separating six chemically similar precious metals from one concentrate takes months of solvent extraction and…

South AfricaRefining
Xinjiang & Inner Mongolia Polysilicon Cluster

Xinjiang & Inner Mongolia Polysilicon Cluster

Solar polysilicon migrated to wherever electricity is cheapest, because the Siemens process that makes it is…

ChinaRefining

CATL Ningde Plants

CATL's scale is the reason lithium iron phosphate went from a second-tier chemistry to the majority of new cells…

ChinaComponent

Chinese NdFeB Magnet Cluster

Between separated oxide and a working motor sits magnet making: alloy strip casting, hydrogen decrepitation, jet…

ChinaComponent
Gigafactory Nevada

Gigafactory Nevada

A cell factory is where materials stop being commodities and become a product: cathode powder, graphite anode, copper…

United StatesComponent
Samsung Pyeongtaek Campus

Samsung Pyeongtaek Campus

Memory chips are made by the billion, which makes them the most material-hungry part of the chip industry by volume.

South KoreaComponent

TSMC Fab 18, Tainan

A leading-edge fab consumes ultrapure silicon wafers, dozens of specialty gases including neon and helium, tungsten…

TaiwanComponent

Aero-Engine Turbine Plant, Derby

A high-pressure turbine blade is a single crystal of nickel superalloy containing rhenium, hafnium and tantalum…

United KingdomProduct

Wind Turbine Nacelle & Blade Plants, Jutland

A single offshore turbine contains several tonnes of permanent magnet material, tens of tonnes of copper, and a blade…

DenmarkProduct

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