What it is
CdTe uses a fraction of the semiconductor mass of silicon and needs almost no silver. Its ceiling is tellurium: annual world supply is around a thousand tonnes, all of it a copper by-product.
The material bill
Scale it up →Quantities are per MW of capacityindicative range
| Material | Low | High | Unit | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aluminium critical | 3,000 | 7,000 | kg | Mounting |
| Soda Ash | 1,500 | 3,000 | kg | Glass superstrate |
| Cadmium | 25.00 | 60.00 | kg | Semiconductor layer |
| Tellurium critical Scale is limited by copper-refining by-product supply. | 25.00 | 60.00 | kg | Semiconductor layer |
Indicative range compiled from published technology studies and chemistry; verify against a manufacturer specification before use. Rows marked “trace” contain the material in quantities too small to state usefully as a mass — the constraint there is purity or supplier count, not tonnage.
The alternatives
Substitution is the most underrated force in materials. When a metal gets expensive or politically difficult, engineers design around it — and demand for a whole mine can evaporate.
Crystalline Silicon Solar Module
The standard solar panel: silicon wafers, silver contact paste, glass and an aluminium frame.
Gallium Nitride Power Device
A switch that turns on and off far faster than silicon, so power supplies can shrink.
Leading-Edge Logic Chip
The most advanced processors, built on wafers that pass through hundreds of process steps.