
The main kinds of ore deposit
From copper porphyries to beach placers, seven deposit types explain where most of the world's metals and minerals come…

How a porphyry copper deposit forms
Porphyry copper deposits form when magma stalls beneath a volcano and releases metal-rich fluids into the surrounding rock…

What weathering does to an orebody
How millions of years of rain and heat strip rock apart, leaving behind concentrated deposits of nickel, bauxite and…

Brines, salars and evaporites
Lithium, potash, boron and iodine concentrate in ancient lake beds and brines. Solar evaporation does most of the…

Banded iron formations
Banded iron formations are ancient seafloor sediments that record Earth's first oxygenated oceans and now supply most of…

How a deposit is found
From the first magnetic anomaly to the first ore tonne: how geologists narrow a planet's worth of rock to a single mine.