Apa itu
This one component is the largest single use of platinum, palladium and rhodium. Its demand falls with every combustion car replaced, and it is the most-recycled precious-metal product in the world.
Daftar kebutuhan material
Skalakan →Kuantitas adalah per vehiclekisaran indikatif
| Material | Rendah | Tinggi | Satuan | Dasar |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cerium kritis | 0.02 | 0.1 | kg | Oxygen storage in the washcoat |
| Platinum kritis | 0.002 | 0.008 | kg | Coating, mostly diesel |
| Palladium kritis | 0.002 | 0.007 | kg | Coating, petrol engines |
| Rhodium kritis No practical substitute. | 0.0002 | 0.001 | kg | Nitrogen-oxide reduction |
Indicative range compiled from published technology studies and chemistry; verify against a manufacturer specification before use. Baris yang ditandai "trace" mengandung material dalam jumlah yang terlalu kecil untuk dinyatakan secara bermakna sebagai massa — kendala di sini adalah kemurnian atau jumlah pemasok, bukan tonase.
Alternatif-alternatifnya
Substitusi adalah kekuatan yang paling diremehkan dalam dunia material. Ketika sebuah logam menjadi mahal atau sulit secara politis, para insinyur merancang solusi alternatifnya — dan permintaan terhadap seluruh tambang bisa lenyap begitu saja.
Alkaline Electrolyser
The century-old design: steel, nickel and potassium hydroxide, with no precious metals at all.
HVDC Transmission Cable
High-voltage direct-current cable, the technology used to move power hundreds of kilometres with low loss.
PEM Electrolyser
Splits water using a polymer membrane, platinum and iridium — fast-responding but catalyst-hungry.
Pressurised Water Reactor
The most common reactor design: enriched uranium fuel in zirconium tubes, water as both coolant and moderator.