Nedir
PEM handles variable renewable power well, which is exactly what a hydrogen project needs. The catch is iridium: world production is a few tonnes a year and PEM needs it on every anode.
Malzeme listesi
Ölçeği büyütün →Miktarlar per MW of capacitygösterge aralığı
| Materyal | Düşük | Yüksek | Birim | Dayanak |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Copper kritik | 500.0 | 1,500 | kg | Very high-current power delivery |
| Titanium kritik | 200.0 | 600.0 | kg | Bipolar plates and porous transport layers |
| Iridium kritik Loadings are falling but remain the binding constraint. | 0.3 | 0.7 | kg | Anode catalyst loading |
| Platinum kritik | 0.1 | 0.3 | kg | Cathode catalyst |
Indicative range compiled from published technology studies and chemistry; verify against a manufacturer specification before use. "İz" olarak işaretlenmiş satırlar, ilgili malzemeyi kütle olarak anlamlı biçimde ifade edilemeyecek kadar küçük miktarlarda içerir — buradaki kısıt tonnaj değil, saflık veya tedarikçi sayısıdır.
Alternatifler
İkame, malzeme biliminde en az takdir edilen güçtür. Bir metal pahalı ya da siyasi açıdan güç hale geldiğinde, mühendisler onu devre dışı bırakacak tasarımlar yapar — ve tüm bir madenin talebi buharlaşabilir.
Alkaline Electrolyser
The century-old design: steel, nickel and potassium hydroxide, with no precious metals at all.
HVDC Transmission Cable
High-voltage direct-current cable, the technology used to move power hundreds of kilometres with low loss.
Pressurised Water Reactor
The most common reactor design: enriched uranium fuel in zirconium tubes, water as both coolant and moderator.
Three-Way Catalytic Converter
The ceramic honeycomb in an exhaust that converts three pollutants at once, coated in platinum-group metals.