Apa itu
Sodium-ion removes lithium, cobalt, nickel and often copper from the bill. It is heavier per kilowatt-hour, which rules it out for long-range cars and rules it in for grid storage and small vehicles.
Daftar kebutuhan material
Skalakan →Kuantitas adalah per 75 kWh equivalentkisaran indikatif
| Material | Rendah | Tinggi | Satuan | Dasar |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Salt | 30.00 | 60.00 | kg | Sodium source |
| Aluminium kritis Removes the copper foil entirely. | 25.00 | 45.00 | kg | Both current collectors can be aluminium |
| Manganese kritis | 10.00 | 30.00 | kg | Layered-oxide cathode variants |
Indicative range compiled from published technology studies and chemistry; verify against a manufacturer specification before use. Baris yang ditandai "trace" mengandung material dalam jumlah yang terlalu kecil untuk dinyatakan secara bermakna sebagai massa — kendala di sini adalah kemurnian atau jumlah pemasok, bukan tonase.
Alternatif-alternatifnya
Substitusi adalah kekuatan yang paling diremehkan dalam dunia material. Ketika sebuah logam menjadi mahal atau sulit secara politis, para insinyur merancang solusi alternatifnya — dan permintaan terhadap seluruh tambang bisa lenyap begitu saja.
LFP Lithium-Ion Battery
Iron and phosphate instead of nickel and cobalt: heavier, cheaper, safer and very long-lived.
NMC Lithium-Ion Battery
The high-energy chemistry — nickel, manganese and cobalt in the cathode — used where range matters most.
Vanadium Redox Flow Battery
A battery that stores its energy in two tanks of dissolved vanadium, so power and capacity scale separately.