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A sawmill with stacked sawn timber

The catalogue

Wood & Forest Products

The only structural material that grows back - what it is, where it is standing, how it is cut and graded, and who buys it.

Houtzagerij Sagi Tschiertschen 03 · Dominicus Johannes Bergsma · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons

25 materials shown. Figures are from USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 · as each source defines it for each commodity · source ↗

Scroll the table sideways for the remaining columns.

Material World production Leading producer
Standing TimberThe wood that is still a tree. Every board, panel and sheet of paper on the site starts here…
not published —
Industrial RoundwoodLogs. The tree after felling and before anything has been done to it except cutting it to…
not published —
Softwood LumberSawn boards from coniferous trees - the 2x4s and joists that most of the world's houses are…
not published —
Hardwood LumberSawn boards from broadleaved trees - what furniture, flooring, cabinets and barrels are made of.
not published —
Wood-Based PanelsSheets made by gluing wood back together - veneers, chips, strands or fibres pressed into a…
not published —
PlywoodThin layers of wood peeled from a log and glued in a stack with the grain crossed at right…
not published —
Oriented Strand BoardA structural panel made from long wood strands laid in layers and pressed - the cheaper…
not published —
Mass TimberStructural timber built up from smaller pieces into beams, columns and whole floor slabs big…
not published —
Wood PulpWood reduced to its individual fibres, by cooking or by grinding, ready to be made into paper…
not published —
Wood PelletsSawdust and shavings dried and squeezed into uniform cylinders that can be handled, shipped and…
not published —
Wood FuelWood cut to be burned - firewood and the charcoal made from it. Still the largest single use of…
not published —
Recovered WoodWood collected after use - pallets, crates, demolition timber and furniture - and sent back…
not published —
Southern Yellow PineA fast-grown, dense, strong southern US pine - the workhorse of American framing and the only…
not published —
Douglas FirNot a true fir. The strongest and stiffest softwood in wide structural use, and the species…
not published —
Spruce-Pine-Fir (SPF)A marketing group, not a species: several interchangeable northern softwoods graded and sold…
not published —
Hem-FirWestern hemlock sold together with the true firs that grow alongside it, as a single graded…
not published —
Western Red CedarA light, soft, aromatic softwood whose heartwood resists decay without any treatment at all.
not published —
Radiata PineA Californian pine with a tiny natural range that became the most widely planted plantation…
not published —
White OakA dense, pale hardwood whose closed cell structure makes it watertight - which is why barrels…
not published —
Red OakThe volume hardwood of North America: strong, open-pored, pinkish, and sawn in greater quantity…
not published —
Hard MapleA very hard, pale, fine-grained hardwood that takes heavy wear without denting - the standard…
not published —
Black WalnutThe dark, strong, dimensionally stable hardwood that American furniture and gunstocks are made…
not published —
Yellow PoplarA fast-growing, light, straight-grained American hardwood - neither a poplar nor yellow in the…
not published —
TeakA tropical hardwood whose natural oils make it hold up outdoors and against saltwater better…
not published —
EucalyptusThe fastest-growing hardwood planted at scale, harvested on rotations as short as six or seven…
not published —
Photographs on this page · 26
  1. Houtzagerij Sagi Tschiertschen 03.jpg · Dominicus Johannes Bergsma · CC BY-SA 4.0
  2. Stand re-initiation of shade-tolerant spruce and fir beneath a closed c… · NPS · Public domain
  3. LOGGING TRUCK LOADED WITH CEDAR IN A CLEARCUT AREA OF THE QUINAULT INDI… · Gene Daniels · Public domain
  4. Stacked wood planks (Unsplash).jpg · Alex Jones alexjones · CC0
  5. Kirschholzbrett -- 2021 -- 7662.jpg · Dietmar Rabich · CC BY-SA 4.0
  6. Particle board manufacturing process.jpg · Seedlesslime · CC BY-SA 4.0
  7. Sandakan Sabah Plywood-Factory-35c.jpg · CEphoto, Uwe Aranas · CC BY-SA 3.0
  8. Oriented strand board at Courtabœuf 2011.jpg · Lionel Allorge · CC BY-SA 3.0
  9. Ascent Building Construction Photos (20210927-FS-ML-0102).jpg · Forest Service Photography · Public domain
  10. Kehra pulp and paper mill in Estonia (November 2021).jpg · Sillerkiil · CC BY-SA 4.0
  11. Holzpelletslager Schlieren der energie 360° AG (2021).jpg · JoachimKohler-HB · CC BY-SA 4.0
  12. Firewood stacked up.jpg · Feci1024 · CC BY 3.0
  13. Tower of blue wooden pallets at Safeway 1.jpg · Ser Amantio di Nicolao · CC0
  14. Big Woods State Forest loblolly plantation.jpg · Antepenultimate · CC BY-SA 4.0
  15. Pseudotsuga menziesii cut trunk.jpg · Crusier · CC BY-SA 3.0
  16. Black spruce stand at Arctic Chalet, Inuvik, NT.jpg · Daniel Case · CC BY-SA 3.0
  17. Old Growth Western Hemlock Forest.jpg · Treefender K · CC BY 4.0
  18. Culturally Scarred Western Red Cedar Tree (45621625422).jpg · GlacierNPS · Public domain
  19. Radiata pine forest in Auckland.jpg · Max Tweddell · CC BY-SA 4.0
  20. 2016.Basking.Ridge.Oak.jpg · Ekem · CC BY-SA 4.0
  21. Old, multiple-trunked northern red oak (Quercus rubra), Tiadaghton Stat… · Nicholas A. Tonelli from Northeast Pennsylvania, USA · CC BY 2.0
  22. Acer saccharum (sugar maple tree in fall colors) (Newark, Ohio, USA) (2… · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
  23. Eastern Black Walnut (Juglans nigra) - Guelph, Ontario 2020-06-19.jpg · Ryan Hodnett · CC BY-SA 4.0
  24. Liriodendron tulipifera double trunk NBG LR.jpg · PumpkinSky · CC BY-SA 4.0
  25. Nilambur Teak Plantation 0384.jpg · Vengolis · CC BY-SA 4.0
  26. CSIRO ScienceImage 714 Eucalyptus Globulus Plantation Australia.jpg · T.Grove, CSIRO · CC BY 3.0

Every photograph is from Wikimedia Commons and is used under the licence shown.

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