North America
Canada
What comes out of the ground here, what is still in it, and who operates the assets.
32 materials produced
4 mines in the atlas
1 plants in the atlas
What it produces
Maps →USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 · 2025 (estimated) · each row keeps the unit the source uses for that commodity · source ↗
Scroll the table sideways for the remaining columns.
| Material | Series | Production | Unit | Share of world |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nickel | Mine production | 140,000 | metric tons | 3.6% |
| Wollastonite | Mine production | 30,000 | metric tons | 3.5% |
| Potash | Mine production | 15,000 | thousand metric tons | 30.6% |
| Gemstones | Mine production | 13,000 | thousands of carats | 18.8% |
| Salt | Mine production | 13,000 | thousand metric tons | 4.8% |
| Graphite | Mine production | 8,000 | metric tons | 0.4% |
| Niobium | Mine production | 6,000 | metric tons | 5.4% |
| Lithium | Mine production | 5,600 | metric tons | 1.9% |
| Sulfur | Production, all forms | 5,000 | thousand metric tons | 6.0% |
| Nitrogen (Ammonia) | Plant production | 3,800 | thousand metric tons | 2.4% |
| Industrial Sand & Gravel | Mine production | 3,800 | thousand metric tons | 0.9% |
| Gypsum | Mine production | 3,600 | thousand metric tons | 2.2% |
| Cobalt | Mine production | 3,500 | metric tons | 1.1% |
| Aluminium | Smelter production | 3,300 | thousand metric tons | 4.5% |
| Molybdenum | Mine production | 2,200 | metric tons | 0.8% |
| Peat | Mine production | 2,000 | thousand metric tons | 11.8% |
| Lime | Production | 1,600 | thousand metric tons | 0.4% |
| Alumina | Alumina, refinery production | 1,500 | thousand metric dry tons | 1.0% |
| Cadmium | Refinery production | 1,300 | metric tons | 5.7% |
| Copper | Mine production | 500.0 | thousand metric tons | 2.2% |
| Silver | Mine production | 400.0 | metric tons | 1.5% |
| Magnesium Compounds | Mine production | 230.0 | thousand metric tons | 1.1% |
| Gold | Mine production | 200.0 | metric tons | 6.1% |
| Selenium | Refinery production | 130.0 | metric tons | 3.4% |
| Indium | Refinery production | 40.00 | metric tons | 3.6% |
| Tellurium | Refinery production | 28.00 | metric tons | 2.8% |
| Silicon | Ferrosilicon | 23.00 | thousand metric tons | 0.5% |
| Helium | Helium Production | 6.00 | million cubic meters | 3.2% |
| Antimony | Mine production | Zero | metric tons | — |
| Rare Earths (all) | Mine production | Zero | metric tons | — |
| Titanium | Titanium sponge metal production | Zero | metric tons | — |
| Bauxite | Bauxite, mine production | Zero | thousand metric dry tons | — |
What it holds in reserve
USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 · reserves as most recently published
| Material | Series | Reserves | Unit | Share of world |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Graphite | Reserves | 5,900,000 | metric tons | 1.9% |
| Potash | Reserves, Recoverable ore | 4,500,000 | thousand metric tons | 45.0% |
| Nickel | Reserves | 2,200,000 | metric tons | 1.6% |
| Lithium | Reserves | 1,600,000 | metric tons | 4.3% |
| Rare Earths (all) | Reserves | 830,000 | metric tons | 1.0% |
| Peat | Reserves | 720,000 | thousand metric tons | 5.5% |
| Niobium | Reserves | 640,000 | metric tons | 3.0% |
| Gypsum | Reserves | 450,000 | thousand metric tons | — |
| Platinum-Group Metals | PGM reserves | 310,000 | kilograms | 0.4% |
| Cobalt | Reserves | 220,000 | metric tons | 1.8% |
| Gemstones | Reserves | 110,000 | thousands of carats | 5.5% |
| Antimony | Reserves | 78,000 | metric tons | 3.9% |
| Copper | Reserves | 7,000 | thousand metric tons | 0.7% |
| Silver | Reserves | 4,900 | metric tons | 0.8% |
| Gold | Reserves | 3,200 | metric tons | 4.8% |
| Molybdenum | Reserves (thousand metric tons) | 64.00 | thousand metric tons | 0.4% |
| Helium | Helium Reserves | Not applicable | million cubic meters | — |
| Bauxite | Bauxite reserves | Zero | thousand metric dry tons | — |
| Magnesium Compounds | Reserves | Not applicable | thousand metric tons | — |
Mines in the atlas
All →
Athabasca Oil Sands (Mildred Lake / Aurora)
Among the largest surface mining operations in the world by material moved.
Cigar Lake
The highest-grade large uranium mine in the world.
Esterhazy
The largest potash mine in the world.
Sudbury Basin
One of the longest-producing nickel districts on Earth.
Processing and manufacturing sites
Port Hope Conversion Facility · Chemical plantJourneys that pass through Canada
All journeys →Material that is dug up here, refined here, or simply crosses the border on its way somewhere else.
Alberta oil sands: mined like ore, refined like oil starts here The only oil in the world that is dug up with a shovel and graded like an orebody. Kazakh uranium to a fuel assembly in a reactor The most tightly watched journey in this atlas: every kilogram is accounted for, at every border.A leading U.S. import source for
AluminaAluminiumCementChromiumCobaltFeldspar & Nepheline SyeniteGalliumGermaniumGraphiteIndiumMagnesium CompoundsMagnesium MetalNickelNiobiumPalladiumPeatPotashRheniumSaltSilverTelluriumTitanium Mineral ConcentratesVanadium
USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 · major U.S. import sources, 2021–2024