这是什么？
A family of seventeen metals that are not actually rare in the ground, but are hard to separate from each other because they behave almost identically.
为何重要？
Four of them make the strongest permanent magnets known. Those magnets are what makes a compact, efficient electric motor possible.
该材料的深度文字内容尚未发布。以下所有内容均直接提取自原始数据集，内容完整。
其在岩石中的来源
所有含矿矿物 →实际承载以下内容的矿物： rare earths (all). 只有其中某种物质的富集程度足以覆盖开采成本，矿床才能成为矿体。
Bastnäsite
The world's principal light rare-earth mineral, mined from carbonatites. Low in thorium, which makes it easier to…
Xenotime
A yttrium phosphate that also carries the heavy rare earths — dysprosium, terbium, erbium — that magnets need.
Ion-Adsorption Clay
Weathered granite where rare-earth ions cling loosely to clay surfaces. Grades are very low but the metal washes out…
Monazite
A rare-earth phosphate found in heavy mineral sands. Carries thorium, so it is radioactive enough to be regulated.
生产主体
在地图上查看 →Mine production
Mine productionmetric tons 2025 (估计值) 全球合计 390,000 metric tons
USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 · USGS reports rare-earth mine production as REO — rare-earth OXIDE equivalent — not metal. · 来源 ↗
横向滚动表格以查看其余列。
| 国家/地区 | 产量 | 占全球份额 |
|---|---|---|
| China | 270,000 | 69.2% |
| United States | 51,000 | 13.1% |
| Australia | 29,000 | 7.4% |
| Burma | 22,000 | 5.6% |
| Thailand | 4,800 | 1.2% |
| India | 2,900 | 0.7% |
| Madagascar | 2,700 | 0.7% |
| Russia | 2,600 | 0.7% |
| Brazil | 2,000 | 0.5% |
| Nigeria | 1,500 | 0.4% |
| Other countries | 550.0 | 0.1% |
| Vietnam | 150.0 | 0.0% |
| Malaysia | 110.0 | 0.0% |
| Tanzania | Zero | — |
| South Africa | Zero | — |
| Canada | Zero | — |
| Greenland | Zero | — |
| 全球合计 | 390,000 | 100% |
"未披露"表示美国地质调查局（USGS）为避免泄露单个企业数据而对该数字进行了保密处理——并不意味着数值为零。各国行数之和不一定等于世界合计，原因在于来源对每个数字单独进行四舍五入处理，且并不总是单独列出"其他国家/地区"一行。
储量持有方
Reserves
Reservesmetric tons 2025
USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 · 来源 ↗
| 国家/地区 | 储量 | 占全球份额 |
|---|---|---|
| China | 44,000,000 | 51.8% |
| Brazil | 21,000,000 | 24.7% |
| Australia | 6,300,000 | 7.4% |
| Russia | 3,800,000 | 4.5% |
| Vietnam | 3,500,000 | 4.1% |
| United States | 1,900,000 | 2.2% |
| Greenland | 1,500,000 | 1.8% |
| Tanzania | 890,000 | 1.0% |
| South Africa | 860,000 | 1.0% |
| Canada | 830,000 | 1.0% |
| Malaysia | 710,000 | 0.8% |
| Nigeria | Not applicable | — |
| Madagascar | Not applicable | — |
| India | Not applicable | — |
| Thailand | Not applicable | — |
| Burma | Not applicable | — |
| Other countries | Not applicable | — |
| 全球合计 | >85,000,000 | 100% |
来源将此世界总量作为区间值而非精确数值发布，因此末列的份额本身亦为区间值。
价格
average, dollars per kilogram: Mischmetal, 65% cerium, 35% lanthanum
年度平均值dollars per kilogram
基准: average, dollars per kilogram: Mischmetal, 65% cerium, 35% lanthanum. 年度平均值，来源： USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 · 来源 ↗. 以下为参考年度均价，非实时市场报价。
average, dollars per kilogram: Neodymium-praseodymium (NdPr) oxide, 99% minimum
年度平均值dollars per kilogram
基准: average, dollars per kilogram: Neodymium-praseodymium (NdPr) oxide, 99% minimum. 年度平均值，来源： USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 · 来源 ↗. 以下为参考年度均价，非实时市场报价。
产出该材料的矿山
所有矿山 →
Mount Weld
The mine behind the largest rare-earth separation capacity outside China.
Mountain Pass
The only operating rare-earth mine in the United States.
Southern China Ion-Adsorption Clays
Historically the dominant world source of heavy rare earths.
其加工与精炼地点
| 工厂 | 类型 | 阶段 | 国家/地区 | 角色 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ganzhou Rare Earth Cluster | 分离厂 | 精炼 | China | 输入 |
| Lynas Advanced Materials Plant, Kuantan | 分离厂 | 精炼 | Malaysia | 输入 |
| Mountain Pass Separation & Metal Plant | 分离厂 | 精炼 | United States | 输入 |
| Neo Performance Materials, Sillamäe | 分离厂 | 精炼 | Estonia | 输入 |
出口管制
| 国家/地区 | 管控 | 适用于 |
|---|---|---|
| China | Export licensing requirement for materials and technologies | Antimony (2024), bismuth (2025), synthesized diamond (2025), gallium (2023), germanium (2023), graphite (2023), indium (2025), magnesium materials (2024), molybdenum (2025), rare earths (2025), silver (2026), tellurium (2025), tungsten (2025), and items related to lithium batteries and artificial graphite anode materials (2025). ↗ |
| Malaysia | Export ban | Raw rare earths (2024). ↗ |
| Namibia | Export ban | Ores and concentrates of cobalt, graphite, lithium, manganese, and rare earths (2023). ↗ |
| Vietnam | Export ban | Raw materials of iron, lead-zinc, chromite, manganese, apatite, and rare earths and deeply processed titanium (2012). ↗ |
USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026, table 4 — controls in effect as of January 2026, excluding controls since lifted.
跟踪其跨境全程
全部溯源记录 →这批材料实际经过的路线——每个国家、每位托管方，以及每个环节留下的内容。
Australian rare earths to a magnet in a motor Mined in Australia, cracked in Malaysia, magnetised in China, and fitted in Germany. Southern Chinese clay to the dysprosium that lets a magnet run hot Grades under a tenth of a percent, and almost the only heavy rare earths on the market.