36 materiali visualizzati. Produzione e riserve sono USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 · Stime 2025, metallo contenuto o peso lordo secondo la definizione della fonte per ciascuna commodity · fonte ↗
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| Materiale | Scafo | Produzione mondiale 2025 | Riserve mondiali | Produttore principale | Importato dagli Stati Uniti | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antimony critico A brittle, silvery metalloid used mostly to stop things burning, and in the primers and tracer… | Materiali per aerospazio e difesa | 110,000metric tons · Mine production | 2,000,000 | China — 36% of world production | — | Sb |
| Beryllium critico A very light, very stiff metal that is transparent to X-rays and dangerous to breathe as dust. | Materiali nucleari | 430.0metric tons · Mine production | — | United States — 53% of world production | — | Be |
| Caesium critico The softest metal, liquid on a warm day, and the element that defines the second. | Materiali per aerospazio e difesa | non pubblicato | — | — | 100% | Cs |
| Chromium critico The element that makes stainless steel stainless — at about eleven percent chromium, steel… | Acciaio e metalli da lega | 51,000thousand metric tons · Mine production | 540,000 | South Africa — 45% of world production | 79% | Cr |
| Cobalt critico A hard, bluish metal that keeps a battery's cathode stable so it does not overheat, and that… | Materiali per batterie | 310,000metric tons · Mine production | 12,000,000 | Congo (Kinshasa) — 74% of world production | 79% | Co |
| Crude Oil Ancient marine plankton, cooked underground for millions of years into a liquid that carries… | Materie prime energetiche | non pubblicato | — | — | — | |
| Dysprosium critico A heavy rare earth added in small amounts to magnets so they keep working when they get hot. | Elementi delle terre rare | non pubblicato | — | — | — | Dy |
| Gallium critico A silvery metal that melts in your hand, and the basis of the compound semiconductors in fast… | Materiali per semiconduttori | 900,000kilograms · Primary production | — | China — 100% of world production | 100% | Ga |
| Germanium critico The element the very first transistors were made from, now used mainly for infrared lenses and… | Materiali per semiconduttori | non pubblicato | — | China — NA% of world production | 50% | Ge |
| Gold The metal that does not tarnish, does not corrode and never runs out once mined — which is why… | Metalli preziosi | 3,300metric tons · Mine production | 66,000 | — | — | Au |
| Graphite critico Pure carbon in soft, slippery sheets — the same stuff as pencil lead — and the material that… | Materiali per batterie | 1,800,000metric tons · Mine production | 310,000,000 | China — 78% of world production | 100% | C |
| Helium The only element cold enough to keep an MRI magnet superconducting, and the only one light… | Minerali industriali | 190.0million cubic meters · Helium Production | — | — | — | He |
| High-Purity Quartz Quartz sand so free of other elements that it can be melted into the crucible a silicon crystal… | Materiali per semiconduttori | non pubblicato | — | — | — | |
| Iridium critico The most corrosion-resistant metal known, and the second densest — a litre of it weighs about… | Metalli preziosi | non pubblicato | — | — | — | Ir |
| Lithium critico A soft, silvery metal so light it floats on water, and the element that lets a rechargeable… | Materiali per batterie | 290,000metric tons · Mine production | 37,000,000 | Australia — 32% of world production | 50% | Li |
| Magnesium Metal critico The lightest structural metal, about a third lighter than aluminium, and the ingredient that… | Acciaio e metalli da lega | 1,100thousand metric tons · Smelter production | — | — | 75% | Mg |
| Metallurgical Coal Coal of the specific quality that, when baked without air, turns into coke — the hard carbon… | Materie prime energetiche | non pubblicato | — | — | — | |
| Natural Gas Mostly methane, the lightest hydrocarbon, and the source of nearly all the hydrogen used by… | Materie prime energetiche | non pubblicato | — | — | — | |
| Neon A noble gas so unreactive it forms no compounds at all, separated out of ordinary air in tiny… | Materiali per semiconduttori | 800.0million liters · Rare gases production, (million liters) | — | — | 52% | Ne |
| Nickel critico A silvery metal that resists rust, which is why it goes into stainless steel — and, more… | Materiali per batterie | 3,900,000metric tons · Mine production | 140,000,000 | Indonesia — 67% of world production | 41% | Ni |
| Niobium critico A metal that makes steel much stronger when added in tiny amounts — a few hundred grams per… | Materiali per aerospazio e difesa | 112,000metric tons · Mine production | 21,000,000 | — | 100% | Nb |
| Oil Sands & Bitumen Sand soaked in oil so thick it will not flow — it has to be mined like ore or heated… | Materie prime energetiche | non pubblicato | — | — | — | |
| Palladium critico Platinum's cheaper cousin for most of the twentieth century, then briefly more expensive than… | Metalli preziosi | 190,000kilograms · Mine production: Palladium, rounded | — | Russia — 44% of world production | 57% | Pd |
| Phosphate Rock critico Rock full of the element phosphorus — the P in fertiliser, and now the P in the LFP batteries… | Minerali per l'agricoltura | 250,000thousand metric tons · Mine production | 73,000,000 | China — 44% of world production | — | P |
| Platinum critico A dense, unreactive metal that speeds up chemical reactions without being consumed by them. | Metalli preziosi | 170,000kilograms · Mine production: Platinum, rounded | — | South Africa — 71% of world production | 89% | Pt |
| Platinum-Group Metals critico Six metals — platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium and osmium — that occur together… | Metalli preziosi | non pubblicato | 76,000,000 | — | — | |
| Potash critico Potassium salts mined from ancient dried-up seas — the K in NPK fertiliser, which plants need… | Minerali per l'agricoltura | 49,000thousand metric tons · Mine production | 10,000,000 | Canada — 31% of world production | 92% | K |
| Rare Earths (all) critico A family of seventeen metals that are not actually rare in the ground, but are hard to separate… | Elementi delle terre rare | 390,000metric tons · Mine production | 85,000,000 | — | — | |
| Rhenium critico One of the rarest metals in the crust, recovered from molybdenum roasting, and the ingredient… | Materiali per aerospazio e difesa | 81,000kilograms · Mine production | — | Chile — 37% of world production | 75% | Re |
| Silicon critico The second-most-common element in the Earth's crust — ordinary sand — purified until only one… | Materiali per semiconduttori | 5,000thousand metric tons · Ferrosilicon | — | China — 87% of world production | — | Si |
| Terbium critico The scarcest of the four magnet rare earths, used in tiny quantities to make a magnet survive… | Elementi delle terre rare | non pubblicato | — | — | — | Tb |
| Thermal Coal Coal burned to make steam and therefore electricity — still, despite everything, one of the… | Materie prime energetiche | non pubblicato | — | — | — | |
| Thorium A weakly radioactive metal three to four times more common than uranium, which can be bred into… | Materiali nucleari | non pubblicato | — | — | — | Th |
| Titanium critico A metal as strong as steel at about half the weight, which does not corrode in seawater or in… | Materiali per aerospazio e difesa | 370,000metric tons · Titanium sponge metal production | — | — | — | Ti |
| Tungsten critico The metal with the highest melting point of them all — you can heat it to 3,400 C before it… | Materiali per aerospazio e difesa | 85,000metric tons · Mine production | 4,700,000 | China — 79% of world production | 50% | W |
| Uranium A heavy, faintly radioactive metal whose nucleus can be split, releasing about two million… | Materiali nucleari | non pubblicato | — | — | — | U |
Sfoglia per immagine
Antimony
A brittle, silvery metalloid used mostly to stop things burning, and in the primers and tracer rounds of ammunition.
Beryllium
A very light, very stiff metal that is transparent to X-rays and dangerous to breathe as dust.
Caesium
The softest metal, liquid on a warm day, and the element that defines the second.
Chromium
The element that makes stainless steel stainless — at about eleven percent chromium, steel grows an invisible film that…
Cobalt
A hard, bluish metal that keeps a battery's cathode stable so it does not overheat, and that holds its strength when…
Crude Oil
Ancient marine plankton, cooked underground for millions of years into a liquid that carries more energy per litre than…
Dysprosium
A heavy rare earth added in small amounts to magnets so they keep working when they get hot.
Gallium
A silvery metal that melts in your hand, and the basis of the compound semiconductors in fast chargers, radar and LEDs.
Germanium
The element the very first transistors were made from, now used mainly for infrared lenses and fibre-optic glass.
Gold
The metal that does not tarnish, does not corrode and never runs out once mined — which is why almost all of it ever…
Graphite
Pure carbon in soft, slippery sheets — the same stuff as pencil lead — and the material that holds the lithium when a…
Helium
The only element cold enough to keep an MRI magnet superconducting, and the only one light enough to escape Earth's…
High-Purity Quartz
Quartz sand so free of other elements that it can be melted into the crucible a silicon crystal is grown inside.
Iridium
The most corrosion-resistant metal known, and the second densest — a litre of it weighs about 22.5 kilograms.
Lithium
A soft, silvery metal so light it floats on water, and the element that lets a rechargeable battery store a lot of…
Magnesium Metal
The lightest structural metal, about a third lighter than aluminium, and the ingredient that makes most aluminium…
Metallurgical Coal
Coal of the specific quality that, when baked without air, turns into coke — the hard carbon that both fuels and…
Natural Gas
Mostly methane, the lightest hydrocarbon, and the source of nearly all the hydrogen used by industry today.
Neon
A noble gas so unreactive it forms no compounds at all, separated out of ordinary air in tiny quantities.
Nickel
A silvery metal that resists rust, which is why it goes into stainless steel — and, more recently, into the cathodes…
Niobium
A metal that makes steel much stronger when added in tiny amounts — a few hundred grams per tonne changes the whole…
Oil Sands & Bitumen
Sand soaked in oil so thick it will not flow — it has to be mined like ore or heated underground before it can move…
Palladium
Platinum's cheaper cousin for most of the twentieth century, then briefly more expensive than gold because petrol cars…
Phosphate Rock
Rock full of the element phosphorus — the P in fertiliser, and now the P in the LFP batteries used in most new electric…
Platinum
A dense, unreactive metal that speeds up chemical reactions without being consumed by them.
Platinum-Group Metals
Six metals — platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium and osmium — that occur together and are separated from…
Potash
Potassium salts mined from ancient dried-up seas — the K in NPK fertiliser, which plants need to move water and resist…
Rare Earths (all)
A family of seventeen metals that are not actually rare in the ground, but are hard to separate from each other because…
Rhenium
One of the rarest metals in the crust, recovered from molybdenum roasting, and the ingredient that lets a jet turbine…
Silicon
The second-most-common element in the Earth's crust — ordinary sand — purified until only one atom in a billion is…
Terbium
The scarcest of the four magnet rare earths, used in tiny quantities to make a magnet survive high temperature.
Thermal Coal
Coal burned to make steam and therefore electricity — still, despite everything, one of the largest single sources of…
Thorium
A weakly radioactive metal three to four times more common than uranium, which can be bred into nuclear fuel but is not…
Titanium
A metal as strong as steel at about half the weight, which does not corrode in seawater or in the human body.
Tungsten
The metal with the highest melting point of them all — you can heat it to 3,400 C before it turns liquid.
Uranium
A heavy, faintly radioactive metal whose nucleus can be split, releasing about two million times more energy per…