Elementos de tierras raras17Acero y metales de aleación11Materiales para semiconductores10Materiales para Aeroespacial y Defensa9Metales preciosos8Minerales industriales7Materiales para baterías5Materiales nucleares5Minerales Agrícolas3Materiales de cobre y electricidad2
Designado crítico (USGS 2025)
No es una materia prima cotizada en mercados
HHydrogen
HeHelium
LiLithium
BeBeryllium
BBoron
CGraphite
NNitrogen (Ammonia)
OOxygen
FFluorine
NeNeon
NaSodium
MgMagnesium Metal
AlAluminium
SiSilicon
PPhosphate Rock
SSulfur
ClChlorine
ArArgon
KPotash
CaCalcium
ScScandium
TiTitanium
VVanadium
CrChromium
MnManganese
FeIron Ore
CoCobalt
NiNickel
CuCopper
ZnZinc
GaGallium
GeGermanium
AsArsenic
SeSelenium
BrBromine
KrKrypton
RbRubidium
SrStrontium
YYttrium
ZrZirconium
NbNiobium
MoMolybdenum
TcTechnetium
RuRuthenium
RhRhodium
PdPalladium
AgSilver
CdCadmium
InIndium
SnTin
SbAntimony
TeTellurium
IIodine
XeXenon
CsCaesium
BaBarium
LuLutetium
HfHafnium
TaTantalum
WTungsten
ReRhenium
OsOsmium
IrIridium
PtPlatinum
AuGold
HgMercury
TlThallium
PbLead
BiBismuth
PoPolonium
AtAstatine
RnRadon
FrFrancium
RaRadium
LrLawrencium
RfRutherfordium
DbDubnium
SgSeaborgium
BhBohrium
HsHassium
MtMeitnerium
DsDarmstadtium
RgRoentgenium
CnCopernicium
NhNihonium
FlFlerovium
McMoscovium
LvLivermorium
TsTennessine
OgOganesson
LaLanthanum
CeCerium
PrPraseodymium
NdNeodymium
PmPromethium
SmSamarium
EuEuropium
GdGadolinium
TbTerbium
DyDysprosium
HoHolmium
ErErbium
TmThulium
YbYtterbium
AcActinium
ThThorium
PaProtactinium
UUranium
NpNeptunium
PuPlutonium
AmAmericium
CmCurium
BkBerkelium
CfCalifornium
EsEinsteinium
FmFermium
MdMendelevium
NoNobelium
Las celdas en gris corresponden a elementos que no se extraen ni se comercializan como materias primas — ya sea porque son radiactivos y solo se producen en reactores, porque son gases nobles sin mercado, o porque existen durante milisegundos en un acelerador. Esa ausencia es en sí misma el punto: la economía moderna funciona con un rincón sorprendentemente pequeño de la química.
Designación de criticidad de la USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026. El lutecio aparece en el grupo 3 y el lantano en la fila de los lantánidos, siguiendo la recomendación de la IUPAC de 2021; otras tablas los sitúan a la inversa.
Fotografías en esta página · 78
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center - Museum - Exhibition Nature theatre 06 -… · Photographer: Henk Caspers/Naturalis · CC BY-SA 3.0
- Minerals in the Indian Museum, Kolkata 05.jpg · Kritzolina · CC BY-SA 4.0
- Pyrolusite Mineral with Dendrite Macro Digon3.jpg · “Jonathan Zander ( Digon3 )" · CC BY-SA 3.0
- Apatite Sapo Mine Minéraux SU.jpg · Marie-Lan Taÿ Pamart · CC BY 4.0
- Chalcopyrite botroïdale.jpg · Didier Descouens · CC BY-SA 3.0
- Aluminum ingots at Norwegian Aluminium Company.jpg · Anders Beer Wilse · CC BY 4.0
- Native silver 1.jpg · Parent Géry · CC BY-SA 3.0
- Neodymium oxide 170g.jpg · W. Oelen · CC BY-SA 3.0
- Cobaltite (GeoDIL number - 1151).jpg · Darla Sondrol · CC0
- Pyrrhotite with pentlandite (late Paleoproterozoic, 1.85 Ga; 800 Orebod… · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
- Lanthanum (Element - 57) 3.jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
- Cerium (Element - 58) 2.jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
- Samarium shards.jpg · brainandforce · CC0
- Europium prvek.jpg · Milda 444 · CC BY-SA 4.0
- Gadolinium 2.jpg · Milda 444 · CC BY-SA 4.0
- Piece of Yttrium.jpg · Jan Anskeit · CC BY-SA 4.0
- Scandium (Element - 21).jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
- Holmium shards.jpg · brainandforce · CC0
- Erbium (Element - 68).jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
- Thulium prvek.jpg · Milda 444 · CC BY-SA 4.0
- Ytterbium (Element - 70) 2.jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
- PET-schema.png · Jens Maus ( https://jens-maus.de/ ) · Public domain
- Promethium (Element - 61) 1.jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
- Dysprosium (Element - 66) 2.jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
- Terbium prvek.jpg · Milda 444 · CC BY-SA 4.0
- Indium wetting glass.jpg · Schtone · Public domain
- Tellurium crystals.jpg · Hi-Res Images of Chemical Elements · CC BY 3.0
- Native arsenic2.jpg · Miguel Calvo · CC BY 4.0
- Uranium ore and "yellowcake" uranium concentrate at the Greifswald Nucl… · Siarhei Besarab · CC BY-SA 4.0
- Yellowing of thorium lenses.jpg · El Grafo · CC BY-SA 4.0
- Deformed crystal of zircon.jpg · Liza Kovaleva · CC BY-SA 4.0
- Hafnium (Element - 72) 2.jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
- Crystal surface of colorless Beryl, multicolor filter, size 5,8 x 3,9 mm.jpg · Sepelinmurskaaja · CC BY-SA 4.0
- Galena - Huallanca, Bologesi, Ancash, Peru.jpg · Ivar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0
- Titanium sponge cylinder, 120 grams.jpg · Hi-Res Images of Chemical Elements · CC BY 3.0
- Plastic bottle containing gallium metal.JPG · Pixelmaniac pictures ( Leave a reply ) · CC0
- Miniman M 703 germanium crystal radio made in Japan late 1950s.jpg · R. Henrik Nilsson · CC BY 4.0
- Polymer Tantalum Capacitor Cross Section.jpg · TubeTimeUS · CC BY-SA 4.0
- Rhenium metal.jpg · Keresluna · CC BY-SA 4.0
- Stibnite, Antimony sulfide.jpg · Bobjgalindo · CC BY-SA 4.0
- Bismuth crystal Créer le cristal n01.jpg · Marie-Lan Taÿ Pamart · CC BY 4.0
- AZ Gold Nugget Quartz.jpg · Bryan Barnes · CC BY-SA 4.0
- Wellgreen Platinum project in Yukon (22284209294).jpg · MINING.com · CC BY 2.0
- Palladium (Element - 46) 2.jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
- Rhodium powder pressed melted.jpg · Alchemist-hp ( talk ) www.pse-mendelejew.de der… · CC BY-SA 3.0 de
- Iridium (Element - 77) 2.jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
- Ru metal 1g.JPG · Leiem · CC BY-SA 4.0
- Osmium star.jpg · Bilovitskiy · CC BY 4.0
- Wolframiteportugal2.jpg · Didier Descouens · CC BY-SA 3.0
- 2024 Artsy Niobium Cavity - Flickr - Jefferson Lab.jpg · Jefferson Lab from Newport News, USA · Public domain
- Molybdenite quebec2.jpg · Didier Descouens · CC BY 3.0
- World- Vanadium Production,*1946 - DPLA - 3e24602f809408ce766ef8a40e074… · Central Intelligence Agency · Public domain
- Sphalerite - Creede, Mineral County, Colorado, USA.jpg · Ivar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0
- Cassiterite (GeoDIL number - 37).jpg · Shannon Heinle · CC0
- Dowmetal Magnesium- The Metal of Motion - DPLA - 6cfddacda671bc92edb70f… · Dow Chemical Company · Public domain
- Cadmium (Element - 48) 3.jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
- Selenium (Element - 34).jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
- Metal poles (surface is chromium-plated) - HDR.jpg · Laitche · CC BY-SA 4.0
- Union Sulphur Co Reserve Sulphur Storage in Louisiana.jpg · Underwood and Underwood · Public domain
- Sylvite-halite-carnallite-polyhalite (Salado Formation, Upper Permian; … · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
- Eliminating a minor ammonia leak at the nitrogen fertilizer plant - pan… · Tseno Tanev (цено та… · CC BY-SA 3.0
- ISS Magnet.jpg · Ordan, Julien Marius · CC BY 4.0
- Wafer 20110212.jpg · Sangitiana Fararano · CC BY-SA 2.0
- Hematite (iron ore) (weathered zone in the Biwabik Iron-Formation, Whit… · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
- Praseodymium (Element - 59) 2.jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
- Borax crystals.jpg · Aram Dulyan ( User:Aramgutang ) · Public domain
- Neon tubes (32703).jpg · Rhododendrites · CC BY-SA 4.0
- US Navy 090715-N-5821P-002 Aviation Support Equipment Technician Airman… · U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialis… · Public domain
- Spectre tubes à gaz.jpg · Alchemist-hp , derivative work by Poke2001 · CC BY-SA 2.0 de
- Three xenon flashtubes and a krypton arc lamp.jpg · Zaereth ( talk ) · Public domain
- Iodine crystals, 99.9% purity.jpg · Dnn87 · CC BY 3.0
- Bromine-ampoule.jpg · Jurii · CC BY 3.0
- Celestine from Madagascar in the Mineral Museum of Siófok.jpg · Szilas · Public domain
- Spodumene Nuristan Créer le cristal.jpg · Marie-Lan Taÿ Pamart · CC BY 4.0
- Mercury, cinnabar and calomel (GeoDIL number - 919).jpg · Darla Sondrol · CC0
- Pollucite Paprok MNHN Minéralogie.jpg · Marie-Lan Taÿ Pamart · CC BY 4.0
- Rb5.JPG · Dnn87 · CC BY 3.0
- Thallium prvek.jpg · Milda 444 · CC BY-SA 4.0
Todas las fotografías proceden de Wikimedia Commons y se utilizan bajo la licencia indicada.