Commodity Education

Alle · 146 Zeldzame-aardelementen · 18 Lucht- en ruimtevaart & defensiematerialen · 10 Landbouwmineralen · 3 Batterijmaterialen · 5 Koper & elektrische materialen · 4 Energiegrondstoffen · 7 Industriële mineralen · 35 Nucleaire materialen · 5 Edele metalen · 10 Halfgeleidermaterialen · 11 Staal- en legeringsmetalen · 13 Wood & Forest Products · 25

Kritisch mineraal · 63 Strategisch · 36 Bouw · 35 Uitsluitend bijproduct · 27 Energietransitie · 26 Defensie · 24 Chipketen · 17 Forest Product · 12 Op grote schaal recyclebaar · 9 Magneetketen · 8 Hardwood · 8 Softwood · 7 Renewable · 6 Voedselketen · 6 Engineered Wood · 4 Netketen · 2

Sorteren: Plank Naam Wereldproductie Reserves Amerikaanse importafhankelijkheid Volledig filter → Periodiek systeem →

146 materials shown. Figures are from USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 · as each source defines it for each commodity · bron ↗

Schuif de tabel zijwaarts voor de overige kolommen.

Plank 01 · 18 materialen

Zeldzame-aardelementen

Zeventien chemisch verwante elementen die de sterkste magneten en de helderste fosforen opleveren.

Materiaal	Wereldproductie 2025	Wereldreserves	Grootste producent	Verenigde Staten geïmporteerd
Rare Earths (all) kritiekA family of seventeen metals that are not actually rare in the ground, but are hard to separate…	390,000metric tons · Mine production	85,000,000	China69% van de wereldproductie†	—
Neodymium kritiekThe rare earth at the heart of the strongest magnet ever made — the kind in headphones, hard…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
Praseodymium kritiekNeodymium's near-twin, so alike that magnet makers usually do not bother separating the two and…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
Dysprosium kritiekA heavy rare earth added in small amounts to magnets so they keep working when they get hot.	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
Terbium kritiekThe scarcest of the four magnet rare earths, used in tiny quantities to make a magnet survive…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
Lanthanum kritiekThe first of the rare earths, used by the tonne in the catalysts that crack crude oil into…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
Cerium kritiekThe most abundant rare earth — more common in the crust than copper — mostly used as a…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
Samarium kritiekThe rare earth in the magnet that works where neodymium cannot: very hot, or very cold, or in a…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
Europium kritiekThe rare earth that glows red under ultraviolet light, and which for decades put the red in…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
Gadolinium kritiekA rare earth that absorbs neutrons better than almost anything, and that makes MRI scans easier…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
Yttrium kritiekCounted as a rare earth even though it sits elsewhere on the periodic table, because it behaves…	12,500metric tons · mine production of Y2O3 equivalent contained in rare-earth mineral concentrates	—	Chinaaandeel niet gepubliceerd	100%
Scandium kritiekA light metal that makes aluminium dramatically stronger and weldable — and which is produced…	80.00metric tons · global production	—	Chinaaandeel niet gepubliceerd	100%
Holmium kritiekThe rare earth with the strongest magnetic moment of any element, used in the pole pieces of…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
Erbium kritiekThe rare earth that amplifies light inside a fibre-optic cable without ever turning it back…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
Thulium kritiekThe least abundant stable rare earth, used in portable X-ray sources and in surgical lasers.	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
Ytterbium kritiekA rare earth used in the fibre lasers that cut steel in factories, and in some of the most…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
Lutetium kritiekThe last and densest rare earth, used in the crystals that detect gamma rays inside a PET…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
PromethiumThe one rare earth with no stable form at all — every atom of it is radioactive and decays…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—

Plank 02 · 10 materialen

Lucht- en ruimtevaart & defensiematerialen

Metalen gekozen om hun sterkte bij hoge temperatuur, of om dingen tegen te houden.

Materiaal	Wereldproductie 2025	Wereldreserves	Grootste producent	Verenigde Staten geïmporteerd
Titanium kritiekA metal as strong as steel at about half the weight, which does not corrode in seawater or in…	370,000metric tons · Titanium sponge metal production	—	China70% van de wereldproductie†	—
Titanium Mineral Concentrates kritiekBlack beach sand — ilmenite and rutile — that is the starting point both for titanium metal and…	9,400thousand metric tons · Mine production: ilmenite, rounded	490,000	—	88%
Tungsten kritiekThe metal with the highest melting point of them all — you can heat it to 3,400 C before it…	85,000metric tons · Mine production	4,700,000	China79% van de wereldproductie	50%
Niobium kritiekA metal that makes steel much stronger when added in tiny amounts — a few hundred grams per…	112,000metric tons · Mine production	21,000,000	Brazil93% van de wereldproductie†	100%
Tantalum kritiekA dense metal whose oxide layer stores charge extremely reliably, which is why it is in the…	2,500metric tons · Mine production	—	Congo (Kinshasa)52% van de wereldproductie	100%
Rhenium kritiekOne of the rarest metals in the crust, recovered from molybdenum roasting, and the ingredient…	81,000kilograms · Mine production	—	Chile37% van de wereldproductie	75%
Antimony kritiekA brittle, silvery metalloid used mostly to stop things burning, and in the primers and tracer…	110,000metric tons · Mine production	2,000,000	China36% van de wereldproductie	—
Bismuth kritiekA heavy metal that is, unusually, not very toxic — which is why it replaces lead in solders…	16,000metric tons · Refinery production	—	China88% van de wereldproductie	92%
Caesium kritiekThe softest metal, liquid on a warm day, and the element that defines the second.	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	100%
Rubidium kritiekCaesium's cheaper neighbour, recovered from the same rare deposits, and the basis of the atomic…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	100%

Plank 03 · 3 materialen

Landbouwmineralen

De gedolven nutriënten die gewassen voeden — en daarmee mensen.

Materiaal	Wereldproductie 2025	Wereldreserves	Grootste producent	Verenigde Staten geïmporteerd
Phosphate Rock kritiekRock full of the element phosphorus — the P in fertiliser, and now the P in the LFP batteries…	250,000thousand metric tons · Mine production	73,000,000	China44% van de wereldproductie	—
Potash kritiekPotassium salts mined from ancient dried-up seas — the K in NPK fertiliser, which plants need…	49,000thousand metric tons · Mine production	10,000,000	Canada31% van de wereldproductie	92%
Nitrogen (Ammonia)Nitrogen pulled out of the air and joined to hydrogen under pressure — the invention that…	160,000thousand metric tons · Plant production	—	China31% van de wereldproductie†	—

Plank 04 · 5 materialen

Batterijmaterialen

Wat er in een oplaadbare cel zit — en waarop de cel is aangesloten.

Materiaal	Wereldproductie 2025	Wereldreserves	Grootste producent	Verenigde Staten geïmporteerd
Lithium kritiekA soft, silvery metal so light it floats on water, and the element that lets a rechargeable…	290,000metric tons · Mine production	37,000,000	Australia32% van de wereldproductie	50%
Cobalt kritiekA hard, bluish metal that keeps a battery's cathode stable so it does not overheat, and that…	310,000metric tons · Mine production	12,000,000	Congo (Kinshasa)74% van de wereldproductie	79%
Nickel kritiekA silvery metal that resists rust, which is why it goes into stainless steel — and, more…	3,900,000metric tons · Mine production	140,000,000	Indonesia67% van de wereldproductie	41%
Graphite kritiekPure carbon in soft, slippery sheets — the same stuff as pencil lead — and the material that…	1,800,000metric tons · Mine production	310,000,000	China78% van de wereldproductie	100%
Manganese kritiekA brittle grey metal that steel cannot be made without, and that is now being used to stretch…	20,000thousand metric tons · Mine production	1,700,000	South Africa37% van de wereldproductie	100%

Plank 05 · 4 materialen

Koper & elektrische materialen

De metalen die stroom geleiden, van een huishoudelijke draad tot een nationaal elektriciteitsnet.

Materiaal	Wereldproductie 2025	Wereldreserves	Grootste producent	Verenigde Staten geïmporteerd
Copper kritiekThe reddish metal that carries electricity better than anything except silver, and which humans…	23,000thousand metric tons · Mine production	980,000	Chile23% van de wereldproductie	—
Aluminium kritiekA light silvery metal made by passing an enormous electric current through dissolved bauxite —…	74,000thousand metric tons · Smelter production	—	China61% van de wereldproductie†	60%
Bauxite kritiekA reddish soil-like rock, formed where tropical rain has rotted rock for millions of years, and…	440,000thousand metric dry tons · Bauxite, mine production	29,000,000	—	75%
Alumina kritiekA fine white powder of aluminium oxide, the halfway product between bauxite rock and aluminium…	150,000thousand metric dry tons · Alumina, refinery production	—	China62% van de wereldproductie†	71%

Plank 06 · 7 materialen

Energiegrondstoffen

De koolstof en gassen die de economie nog verbrandt, en het gesteente waaruit ze komen.

Materiaal	Wereldproductie 2025	Wereldreserves	Grootste producent	Verenigde Staten geïmporteerd
Crude OilAncient marine plankton, cooked underground for millions of years into a liquid that carries…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
Oil Sands & BitumenSand soaked in oil so thick it will not flow — it has to be mined like ore or heated…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
Natural GasMostly methane, the lightest hydrocarbon, and the source of nearly all the hydrogen used by…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
Metallurgical CoalCoal of the specific quality that, when baked without air, turns into coke — the hard carbon…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
Thermal CoalCoal burned to make steam and therefore electricity — still, despite everything, one of the…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
Petroleum CokeThe solid carbon left at the bottom of an oil refinery, and the raw material for both aluminium…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
PeatHalf-rotted plant matter from waterlogged bogs — the first stage on the road from a swamp to a…	17,000thousand metric tons · Mine production	13,000,000	Finland15% van de wereldproductie†	80%

Plank 07 · 35 materialen

Industriële mineralen

Niet-metallisch gesteente en zouten die per ton worden gebruikt: cement, glas, chemicaliën, schuurmiddelen.

Materiaal	Wereldproductie 2025	Wereldreserves	Grootste producent	Verenigde Staten geïmporteerd
CementPowdered limestone and clay cooked at 1,450 C, which sets hard when mixed with water — the glue…	3,800,000thousand metric tons · Cement production	—	China45% van de wereldproductie†	21%
SaltSodium chloride — the seasoning on a table, and the feedstock for the chlorine and caustic soda…	270,000thousand metric tons · Mine production	—	China21% van de wereldproductie†	31%
Soda AshSodium carbonate, mined from trona rock or made from salt, and the second ingredient in almost…	19,000thousand metric tons · Mine production: natural, rounded	25,000,000	—	—
Fluorspar kritiekCalcium fluoride, the mineral that every fluorine atom in industry ultimately comes from —…	10,000thousand metric tons · Mine production	330,000	China60% van de wereldproductie	100%
Barite kritiekA very heavy, soft mineral used mostly to weigh down drilling mud so an oil well does not blow…	8,700thousand metric tons · Mine production	—	India34% van de wereldproductie	75%
Boron kritiekAn element that makes glass resist thermal shock, fibreglass strong, and — with iron and…	niet gepubliceerd	—	Turkeyaandeel niet vrijgegeven	—
HeliumThe only element cold enough to keep an MRI magnet superconducting, and the only one light…	190.0million cubic meters · Helium Production	—	United States43% van de wereldproductie†	—
Silicon Carbide & AbrasivesMan-made grit — silicon carbide and fused alumina — harder than almost every natural mineral…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
SulfurA yellow element stripped out of oil and gas to stop it polluting, then turned into sulfuric…	84,000thousand metric tons · Production, all forms	—	China23% van de wereldproductie†	—
LimeLimestone burned until it becomes quicklime — a chemical used to purify steel, treat water and…	420,000thousand metric tons · Production	—	China74% van de wereldproductie†	—
Construction Sand & GravelThe most-mined material on Earth by weight, and the one nobody thinks of as mining.	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
GypsumA soft white rock that becomes plasterboard — the interior surface of most buildings in the…	160,000thousand metric tons · Mine production	—	United States12% van de wereldproductie†	—
Diamond (Industrial)Diamond used not as a gem but as a cutting edge — most of it grown in a press rather than dug…	38.00million carats · Mine production	1,700	Russia42% van de wereldproductie†	—
ClaysSoft, fine-grained rock made of microscopic plates that slide over each other when wet — which…	20,000thousand metric tons · Mine production: Bentonite, rounded	—	—	—
MicaA mineral that splits into sheets so thin you can see through them, and that resists both heat…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
Talc & PyrophylliteThe softest mineral there is — a fingernail scratches it — used as a filler that makes plastics…	6,900thousand metric tons · Mine production	—	Korea, Republic of4% van de wereldproductie†	—
PerliteA volcanic glass with water trapped inside it that pops like popcorn when heated, expanding to…	4,600thousand metric tons · Production	—	China33% van de wereldproductie†	23%
DiatomiteRock made from the glass skeletons of microscopic algae, so porous that a lump of it floats on…	2,500thousand metric tons · Mine production	—	United States29% van de wereldproductie†	—
VermiculiteA mica-like mineral that unfolds into a concertina when heated, becoming light, fireproof and…	460.0thousand metric tons · Mine production	—	South Africa35% van de wereldproductie†	25%
Industrial Sand & GravelSand selected for what it is made of rather than what size it is — nearly pure quartz, for…	430,000thousand metric tons · Mine production	—	United States28% van de wereldproductie†	—
Magnesium CompoundsMagnesia and its relatives, made from magnesite rock or extracted from seawater, which survive…	21,000thousand metric tons · Mine production	7,800,000	—	59%
Iron Oxide PigmentsRust, refined — the reds, yellows, browns and blacks that have coloured paint and pottery since…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
ArgonAlmost one percent of the air you are breathing, and the cheapest way to keep oxygen away from…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
IodineA purple-black element that turns straight from solid to vapour, extracted from ancient nitrate…	34,000metric tons · Mine production	6,300,000	—	50%
BromineThe only non-metal that is liquid at room temperature, pulled out of very salty water.	430,000metric tons · Production	—	—	25%
StrontiumA soft metal whose salts burn bright red, which is why every red firework contains it.	450,000metric tons · Mine production	—	Iran56% van de wereldproductie†	100%
Feldspar & Nepheline SyeniteThe most abundant mineral group in the crust, used as the flux that lets glass and ceramic melt…	31,000thousand metric tons · Mine production	—	India19% van de wereldproductie†	95%
Garnet (Industrial)A hard, sharp-edged mineral more familiar as a gemstone, used industrially as the grit in…	730,000metric tons · Mine production	—	Australia48% van de wereldproductie†	71%
Zeolites (Natural)Minerals full of molecule-sized cages that trap specific ions and gases and let everything else…	1,300,000metric tons · Mine production	—	Slovakia22% van de wereldproductie†	—
Kyanite & Related MineralsBlue-bladed crystals that expand rather than shrink when fired, which makes them the backbone…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
Pumice & PumiciteVolcanic froth — rock so full of gas bubbles that it floats — quarried for lightweight concrete…	20,000thousand metric tons · Mine production	—	Turkey48% van de wereldproductie†	—
Crushed StoneRock blasted and broken to size — limestone, granite, trap rock — and, with sand, the largest…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
Dimension StoneRock cut into blocks and slabs rather than crushed — granite, marble, limestone, slate — sold…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	85%
WollastoniteA needle-shaped white mineral used as a safe replacement for asbestos fibre in brakes, boards…	860,000metric tons · Mine production	—	—	—
AsbestosA group of naturally fibrous minerals that are strong, fireproof, cheap — and cause fatal lung…	960,000metric tons · Mine production	150,000,000	Russia32% van de wereldproductie†	100%

Plank 08 · 5 materialen

Nucleaire materialen

Brandstof, moderatoren en afscherming voor fissie — en de metalen die een fusiemachine nodig heeft.

Materiaal	Wereldproductie 2025	Wereldreserves	Grootste producent
UraniumA heavy, faintly radioactive metal whose nucleus can be split, releasing about two million…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—
ThoriumA weakly radioactive metal three to four times more common than uranium, which can be bred into…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—
Zirconium kritiekA metal that barely absorbs neutrons, which is why nuclear fuel rods are wrapped in it, and…	1,200thousand metric tons · Zirconium mineral concentrates, mine production (thousand metric tons, gross weight)	70,000	Australia33% van de wereldproductie†
Hafnium kritiekZirconium's chemical shadow — always found with it, almost impossible to separate from it, and…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—
Beryllium kritiekA very light, very stiff metal that is transparent to X-rays and dangerous to breathe as dust.	430.0metric tons · Mine production	—	United States53% van de wereldproductie

Plank 09 · 10 materialen

Edele metalen

Goud, zilver en de platinametalen — betaalmiddel, katalysatoren en contacten.

Materiaal	Wereldproductie 2025	Wereldreserves	Grootste producent	Verenigde Staten geïmporteerd
Platinum-Group Metals kritiekSix metals — platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium and osmium — that occur together…	niet gepubliceerd	76,000,000	—	—
Silver kritiekThe best electrical conductor there is, and the metal that has been used as money for longer…	26,000metric tons · Mine production	610,000	Mexico24% van de wereldproductie	77%
GoldThe metal that does not tarnish, does not corrode and never runs out once mined — which is why…	3,300metric tons · Mine production	66,000	China12% van de wereldproductie†	—
Platinum kritiekA dense, unreactive metal that speeds up chemical reactions without being consumed by them.	170,000kilograms · Mine production: Platinum, rounded	—	South Africa71% van de wereldproductie	89%
Palladium kritiekPlatinum's cheaper cousin for most of the twentieth century, then briefly more expensive than…	190,000kilograms · Mine production: Palladium, rounded	—	Russia44% van de wereldproductie	57%
Rhodium kritiekThe rarest of the metals traded in any volume, produced in tens of tonnes a year, and the only…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
Iridium kritiekThe most corrosion-resistant metal known, and the second densest — a litre of it weighs about…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
Ruthenium kritiekA hard platinum-group metal used in tiny quantities inside hard drives and increasingly in chip…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
OsmiumThe densest naturally occurring element, and one of the least used — most of it sits unrefined…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—
GemstonesMinerals people want because of how they look — hardness, clarity and colour, priced on rarity…	69,000 thousands of carats · Mine production	2,000,000	Russia30% van de wereldproductie†	99%

Plank 10 · 11 materialen

Halfgeleidermaterialen

De ultrazuivere elementen en verbindingen waarop chips worden gekweekt, gedoteerd en bedraad.

Materiaal	Wereldproductie 2025	Grootste producent	Verenigde Staten geïmporteerd
Silicon kritiekThe second-most-common element in the Earth's crust — ordinary sand — purified until only one…	5,000thousand metric tons · Ferrosilicon	China87% van de wereldproductie	—
Gallium kritiekA silvery metal that melts in your hand, and the basis of the compound semiconductors in fast…	900,000kilograms · Primary production	China100% van de wereldproductie	100%
Germanium kritiekThe element the very first transistors were made from, now used mainly for infrared lenses and…	niet gepubliceerd	Chinaaandeel niet gepubliceerd	50%
Indium kritiekA soft metal whose oxide is both transparent and electrically conductive — the invisible wiring…	1,100metric tons · Refinery production	China69% van de wereldproductie	100%
Tellurium kritiekA brittle, silvery element recovered from the slime at the bottom of a copper refinery tank…	1,000metric tons · Refinery production	China80% van de wereldproductie	25%
Arsenic kritiekFamous as a poison, but in ultra-pure form it is half of gallium arsenide, the compound behind…	61,000metric tons · Production (arsenic trioxide, gross weight)	Peru49% van de wereldproductie	100%
High-Purity QuartzQuartz sand so free of other elements that it can be melted into the crucible a silicon crystal…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—
NeonA noble gas so unreactive it forms no compounds at all, separated out of ordinary air in tiny…	800.0million liters · Rare gases production, (million liters)	United States14% van de wereldproductie†	52%
KryptonA rare noble gas, about one part per million of the air, separated only where enough air is…	110.0million liters · Rare gases production, (million liters)	United States1% van de wereldproductie†	93%
XenonThe rarest stable gas in the atmosphere — under one part in ten million — and the heaviest…	12.00million liters · Rare gases production, (million liters)	United States1% van de wereldproductie†	98%
ThalliumA soft, extremely toxic metal recovered in tiny amounts from smelter dusts.	niet gepubliceerd	—	—

Plank 11 · 13 materialen

Staal- en legeringsmetalen

IJzer en de twaalf elementen die het omzetten in duizenden verschillende staalsoorten.

Materiaal	Wereldproductie 2025	Wereldreserves	Grootste producent	Verenigde Staten geïmporteerd
Iron OreRust-coloured rock that is roughly one-third to two-thirds iron, and the single largest tonnage…	2,600,000thousand metric tons · Mine production: Usable ore, rounded	87,000	—	—
Iron & SteelIron with a little carbon in it, and the most-produced manufactured material on the planet.	360.0million metric tons · world iron slag production was estimated to be between 330 million and 390 million tons,	—	—	—
Chromium kritiekThe element that makes stainless steel stainless — at about eleven percent chromium, steel…	51,000thousand metric tons · Mine production	540,000	South Africa45% van de wereldproductie	79%
MolybdenumA silvery metal added to steel so it keeps its strength at high temperature and under pressure.	260,000metric tons · Mine production	17,000	China37% van de wereldproductie†	—
Vanadium kritiekA metal that makes rebar dramatically stronger in tiny doses, and that can also store…	110,000metric tons · Mine production	21,000	China75% van de wereldproductie	41%
Zinc kritiekThe metal that steel is dipped in so it does not rust — a sacrificial coating that corrodes…	13,000thousand metric tons · Mine production	240,000	China32% van de wereldproductie	—
Tin kritiekA soft metal with a low melting point, which is why nearly every electrical joint in every…	290,000metric tons · Mine production	6,000,000	China24% van de wereldproductie	—
Lead kritiekA soft, dense, blue-grey metal that blocks radiation and stores charge cheaply — and that is…	4,500thousand metric tons · Mine production	95,000	China42% van de wereldproductie	—
Magnesium Metal kritiekThe lightest structural metal, about a third lighter than aluminium, and the ingredient that…	1,100thousand metric tons · Smelter production	—	China86% van de wereldproductie†	75%
CadmiumA toxic soft metal recovered from zinc refining, now used mainly in thin-film solar panels…	23,000metric tons · Refinery production	—	China41% van de wereldproductie†	25%
SeleniumAn element recovered from copper refinery slimes, used in glass, in animal feed and in…	3,800metric tons · Refinery production	—	China53% van de wereldproductie†	50%
MercuryThe only metal that is liquid at room temperature, and one of the most tightly regulated…	210.0metric tons · Mine production	—	China95% van de wereldproductie†	—
Iron & Steel ScrapOld steel collected to be melted into new steel — the largest recycling stream on the planet by…	niet gepubliceerd	—	—	—

Plank 12 · 25 materialen

Wood & Forest Products

The only structural material that grows back - what it is, where it is standing, how it is cut and graded, and who buys it.

Materiaal	Wereldproductie	Grootste producent
Standing TimberThe wood that is still a tree. Every board, panel and sheet of paper on the site starts here…	niet gepubliceerd	—
Industrial RoundwoodLogs. The tree after felling and before anything has been done to it except cutting it to…	niet gepubliceerd	—
Softwood LumberSawn boards from coniferous trees - the 2x4s and joists that most of the world's houses are…	niet gepubliceerd	—
Hardwood LumberSawn boards from broadleaved trees - what furniture, flooring, cabinets and barrels are made of.	niet gepubliceerd	—
Wood-Based PanelsSheets made by gluing wood back together - veneers, chips, strands or fibres pressed into a…	niet gepubliceerd	—
PlywoodThin layers of wood peeled from a log and glued in a stack with the grain crossed at right…	niet gepubliceerd	—
Oriented Strand BoardA structural panel made from long wood strands laid in layers and pressed - the cheaper…	niet gepubliceerd	—
Mass TimberStructural timber built up from smaller pieces into beams, columns and whole floor slabs big…	niet gepubliceerd	—
Wood PulpWood reduced to its individual fibres, by cooking or by grinding, ready to be made into paper…	niet gepubliceerd	—
Wood PelletsSawdust and shavings dried and squeezed into uniform cylinders that can be handled, shipped and…	niet gepubliceerd	—
Wood FuelWood cut to be burned - firewood and the charcoal made from it. Still the largest single use of…	niet gepubliceerd	—
Recovered WoodWood collected after use - pallets, crates, demolition timber and furniture - and sent back…	niet gepubliceerd	—
Southern Yellow PineA fast-grown, dense, strong southern US pine - the workhorse of American framing and the only…	niet gepubliceerd	—
Douglas FirNot a true fir. The strongest and stiffest softwood in wide structural use, and the species…	niet gepubliceerd	—
Spruce-Pine-Fir (SPF)A marketing group, not a species: several interchangeable northern softwoods graded and sold…	niet gepubliceerd	—
Hem-FirWestern hemlock sold together with the true firs that grow alongside it, as a single graded…	niet gepubliceerd	—
Western Red CedarA light, soft, aromatic softwood whose heartwood resists decay without any treatment at all.	niet gepubliceerd	—
Radiata PineA Californian pine with a tiny natural range that became the most widely planted plantation…	niet gepubliceerd	—
White OakA dense, pale hardwood whose closed cell structure makes it watertight - which is why barrels…	niet gepubliceerd	—
Red OakThe volume hardwood of North America: strong, open-pored, pinkish, and sawn in greater quantity…	niet gepubliceerd	—
Hard MapleA very hard, pale, fine-grained hardwood that takes heavy wear without denting - the standard…	niet gepubliceerd	—
Black WalnutThe dark, strong, dimensionally stable hardwood that American furniture and gunstocks are made…	niet gepubliceerd	—
Yellow PoplarA fast-growing, light, straight-grained American hardwood - neither a poplar nor yellow in the…	niet gepubliceerd	—
TeakA tropical hardwood whose natural oils make it hold up outdoors and against saltwater better…	niet gepubliceerd	—
EucalyptusThe fastest-growing hardwood planted at scale, harvested on rotations as short as six or seven…	niet gepubliceerd	—

† Berekend uit de USGS-productietabel: de output van het grootste producerende land gedeeld door het wereldtotaal. Waar de USGS het aandeel zelf publiceert, wordt dat cijfer weergegeven.

Foto's op deze pagina · 159

Azurite-malachite-specimen.jpg Mineral specimen featuring azurite, mala… · Δανάη Κωτσιομύτη · CC BY-SA 4.0
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Potash evaporation ponds near Moab, UT, May 2013.jpg · Orange Suede Sofa · CC BY-SA 3.0
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Königswartha Caminau Kaolin quarry Aerial.jpg · Gunther Tschuch · CC BY-SA 4.0
Yellow Cake Uranium (14492248719).jpg · Nuclear Regulatory Commission from US · Public domain
Gold bullion bars.jpg · Stevebidmead · CC0
Wafer 2 20140922.jpg · Santi · CC BY-SA 2.0
Iron and slag tapping from a blast furnace tap hole — Випуск продуктів … · Blast furnace chip worker · CC BY-SA 3.0
Houtzagerij Sagi Tschiertschen 03.jpg · Dominicus Johannes Bergsma · CC BY-SA 4.0
Titanium sponge cylinder, 120 grams.jpg · Hi-Res Images of Chemical Elements · CC BY 3.0
Ilmenite sand.jpg · Mx. Granger · CC0
Wolframiteportugal2.jpg · Didier Descouens · CC BY-SA 3.0
2024 Artsy Niobium Cavity - Flickr - Jefferson Lab.jpg · Jefferson Lab from Newport News, USA · Public domain
Polymer Tantalum Capacitor Cross Section.jpg · TubeTimeUS · CC BY-SA 4.0
Rhenium metal.jpg · Keresluna · CC BY-SA 4.0
Stibnite, Antimony sulfide.jpg · Bobjgalindo · CC BY-SA 4.0
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Pollucite Paprok MNHN Minéralogie.jpg · Marie-Lan Taÿ Pamart · CC BY 4.0
Rb5.JPG · Dnn87 · CC BY 3.0
Apatite Sapo Mine Minéraux SU.jpg · Marie-Lan Taÿ Pamart · CC BY 4.0
Sylvite-halite-carnallite-polyhalite (Salado Formation, Upper Permian; … · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
Eliminating a minor ammonia leak at the nitrogen fertilizer plant - pan… · Tseno Tanev (цено та… · CC BY-SA 3.0
Spodumene Nuristan Créer le cristal.jpg · Marie-Lan Taÿ Pamart · CC BY 4.0
Cobaltite (GeoDIL number - 1151).jpg · Darla Sondrol · CC0
Pyrrhotite with pentlandite (late Paleoproterozoic, 1.85 Ga; 800 Orebod… · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
Minerals in the Indian Museum, Kolkata 05.jpg · Kritzolina · CC BY-SA 4.0
Pyrolusite Mineral with Dendrite Macro Digon3.jpg · “Jonathan Zander ( Digon3 )" · CC BY-SA 3.0
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Pinjarra Alumina Refinery, September 2020 01.jpg · Calistemon · CC BY-SA 4.0
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DRAGLINE (USED IN STRIP MINING) AT THE NAVAJO COAL MINE IN NORTHERN ARI… · Lyntha Scott Eiler · Public domain
Petrolkoks IMG 6166.jpg · romanm ( talk ) · CC BY-SA 2.5 si
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Cement kiln in Gorazdze Cement plant.JPG · Jb957 · CC0
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Trona - USGS Mineral Specimens 1116.jpg · Andrew Silver · Public domain
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Borax crystals.jpg · Aram Dulyan ( User:Aramgutang ) · Public domain
ISS Magnet.jpg · Ordan, Julien Marius · CC BY 4.0
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Muscovite mica 2.jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
Talc-386099.jpg · John Krygier · Public domain
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Wrotham Quarry, Addinton 07.jpg · Simon Burchell · CC BY-SA 4.0
MagnesiteSaxe.jpg · Didier Descouens · CC BY-SA 4.0
Fragment of red pigment Ochre - Museo Egizio, Turin S 9927 p02.jpg · CC0
US Navy 090715-N-5821P-002 Aviation Support Equipment Technician Airman… · U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialis… · Public domain
Iodine crystals, 99.9% purity.jpg · Dnn87 · CC BY 3.0
Bromine-ampoule.jpg · Jurii · CC BY 3.0
Celestine from Madagascar in the Mineral Museum of Siófok.jpg · Szilas · Public domain
Feldspar Mineral Museum Display Exhibit.jpg · QueenCityCebu · CC BY-SA 4.0
Garnet - Spessartine crystal detail.jpg · ButtShark · CC0
Estonian Museum of Natural History Specimen No 203540 photo (g232 g232-… · Tõnis Saadre · CC BY-SA 4.0
Kyanite 5.jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
Pumice stones.JPG · Mauro Cateb · CC BY-SA 3.0
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Red marble quarry Cava Buscada - Erto e Casso, Pordenone, Friuli-Venezi… · Mænsard vokser · CC BY-SA 4.0
Wollastonite madagascar.jpg · Didier Descouens · CC BY-SA 3.0
Chrysotile asbestos veins in serpentinized komatiite (Upper Komatiitic … · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
Uranium ore and "yellowcake" uranium concentrate at the Greifswald Nucl… · Siarhei Besarab · CC BY-SA 4.0
Yellowing of thorium lenses.jpg · El Grafo · CC BY-SA 4.0
Deformed crystal of zircon.jpg · Liza Kovaleva · CC BY-SA 4.0
Hafnium (Element - 72) 2.jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
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Palladium (Element - 46) 2.jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
Rhodium powder pressed melted.jpg · Alchemist-hp ( talk ) www.pse-mendelejew.de der… · CC BY-SA 3.0 de
Iridium (Element - 77) 2.jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
Ru metal 1g.JPG · Leiem · CC BY-SA 4.0
Osmium star.jpg · Bilovitskiy · CC BY 4.0
Zultanite rough crystal and gemstones.jpg · Zultgems, LLC · CC0
Mountain Pass Rare Earth Mine, Mountain Pass, California (15470415247).jpg · Ken Lund from Reno, Nevada, USA · CC BY-SA 2.0
Neodymium oxide 170g.jpg · W. Oelen · CC BY-SA 3.0
Praseodymium (Element - 59) 2.jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
Dysprosium (Element - 66) 2.jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
Terbium prvek.jpg · Milda 444 · CC BY-SA 4.0
Lanthanum (Element - 57) 3.jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
Cerium (Element - 58) 2.jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
Samarium shards.jpg · brainandforce · CC0
Europium prvek.jpg · Milda 444 · CC BY-SA 4.0
Gadolinium 2.jpg · Milda 444 · CC BY-SA 4.0
Piece of Yttrium.jpg · Jan Anskeit · CC BY-SA 4.0
Scandium (Element - 21).jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
Holmium shards.jpg · brainandforce · CC0
Erbium (Element - 68).jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
Thulium prvek.jpg · Milda 444 · CC BY-SA 4.0
Ytterbium (Element - 70) 2.jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
PET-schema.png · Jens Maus ( https://jens-maus.de/ ) · Public domain
Promethium (Element - 61) 1.jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
Wafer 20110212.jpg · Sangitiana Fararano · CC BY-SA 2.0
Plastic bottle containing gallium metal.JPG · Pixelmaniac pictures ( Leave a reply ) · CC0
Miniman M 703 germanium crystal radio made in Japan late 1950s.jpg · R. Henrik Nilsson · CC BY 4.0
Indium wetting glass.jpg · Schtone · Public domain
Tellurium crystals.jpg · Hi-Res Images of Chemical Elements · CC BY 3.0
Native arsenic2.jpg · Miguel Calvo · CC BY 4.0
Geode-with-encrustation-of-quartz-crystals-on-a-base-of-limonite-01.jpg · CEphoto, Uwe Aranas · CC BY-SA 4.0
Neon tubes (32703).jpg · Rhododendrites · CC BY-SA 4.0
Spectre tubes à gaz.jpg · Alchemist-hp , derivative work by Poke2001 · CC BY-SA 2.0 de
Three xenon flashtubes and a krypton arc lamp.jpg · Zaereth ( talk ) · Public domain
Thallium prvek.jpg · Milda 444 · CC BY-SA 4.0
Hematite (iron ore) (weathered zone in the Biwabik Iron-Formation, Whit… · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
Blast furnace at Carnegie-Illinois Steel Corporation mill in Etna, Penn… · Alfred T. Palmer · Public domain
Metal poles (surface is chromium-plated) - HDR.jpg · Laitche · CC BY-SA 4.0
Molybdenite quebec2.jpg · Didier Descouens · CC BY 3.0
World- Vanadium Production,*1946 - DPLA - 3e24602f809408ce766ef8a40e074… · Central Intelligence Agency · Public domain
Sphalerite - Creede, Mineral County, Colorado, USA.jpg · Ivar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0
Cassiterite (GeoDIL number - 37).jpg · Shannon Heinle · CC0
Galena - Huallanca, Bologesi, Ancash, Peru.jpg · Ivar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0
Dowmetal Magnesium- The Metal of Motion - DPLA - 6cfddacda671bc92edb70f… · Dow Chemical Company · Public domain
Cadmium (Element - 48) 3.jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
Selenium (Element - 34).jpg · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
Mercury, cinnabar and calomel (GeoDIL number - 919).jpg · Darla Sondrol · CC0
Scrap metal yard.jpg · Digitura · CC0
Stand re-initiation of shade-tolerant spruce and fir beneath a closed c… · NPS · Public domain
LOGGING TRUCK LOADED WITH CEDAR IN A CLEARCUT AREA OF THE QUINAULT INDI… · Gene Daniels · Public domain
Stacked wood planks (Unsplash).jpg · Alex Jones alexjones · CC0
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Ascent Building Construction Photos (20210927-FS-ML-0102).jpg · Forest Service Photography · Public domain
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Holzpelletslager Schlieren der energie 360° AG (2021).jpg · JoachimKohler-HB · CC BY-SA 4.0
Firewood stacked up.jpg · Feci1024 · CC BY 3.0
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Big Woods State Forest loblolly plantation.jpg · Antepenultimate · CC BY-SA 4.0
Pseudotsuga menziesii cut trunk.jpg · Crusier · CC BY-SA 3.0
Black spruce stand at Arctic Chalet, Inuvik, NT.jpg · Daniel Case · CC BY-SA 3.0
Old Growth Western Hemlock Forest.jpg · Treefender K · CC BY 4.0
Culturally Scarred Western Red Cedar Tree (45621625422).jpg · GlacierNPS · Public domain
Radiata pine forest in Auckland.jpg · Max Tweddell · CC BY-SA 4.0
2016.Basking.Ridge.Oak.jpg · Ekem · CC BY-SA 4.0
Old, multiple-trunked northern red oak (Quercus rubra), Tiadaghton Stat… · Nicholas A. Tonelli from Northeast Pennsylvania, USA · CC BY 2.0
Acer saccharum (sugar maple tree in fall colors) (Newark, Ohio, USA) (2… · James St. John · CC BY 2.0
Eastern Black Walnut (Juglans nigra) - Guelph, Ontario 2020-06-19.jpg · Ryan Hodnett · CC BY-SA 4.0
Liriodendron tulipifera double trunk NBG LR.jpg · PumpkinSky · CC BY-SA 4.0
Nilambur Teak Plantation 0384.jpg · Vengolis · CC BY-SA 4.0
CSIRO ScienceImage 714 Eucalyptus Globulus Plantation Australia.jpg · T.Grove, CSIRO · CC BY 3.0

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